Which of the following inventions were created by african-americans?
Updated: September 4, 2024The contributions of African-American inventors have profoundly shaped modern society in numerous ways. From household items to critical medical advancements, their ingenuity and perseverance have left an indelible mark on various fields. This article delves into some of the most impactful inventions by African-Americans, highlighting their significance and the individuals behind these creations.
Traffic Signal
One of the quintessential components of modern urban infrastructure, the traffic signal, was improved by Garrett Augustus Morgan. In 1923, Morgan received a patent for his traffic signal design, which included a T-shaped pole unit that featured three positions: Stop, Go, and an all-directional stop feature to allow pedestrians to cross streets safely. This invention drastically reduced traffic accidents and paved the way for the three-light traffic signals used today.
Gas Mask
Garrett Augustus Morgan also invented the gas mask, originally known as the "Safety Hood." Patented in 1914, this device was initially designed to protect firefighters from smoke inhalation. It later found significant use during World War I, saving countless lives from poisonous gas attacks on the battlefield. Morgan's gas mask was revolutionary in its use of a wet sponge to filter out toxic chemicals, a principle still used in modern gas masks.
Automatic Elevator Doors
Alexander Miles, an African-American inventor, significantly improved the safety of elevators by inventing automatic elevator doors. Patented in 1887, his design ensured that the shaft doors closed automatically when the elevator was not on that floor, preventing accidents and improving the overall safety of elevator systems. Miles's invention is foundational to the elevator technology we rely on today.
Home Security System
In 1966, Marie Van Brittan Brown, along with her husband Albert Brown, invented the first home security system. Concerned about the high crime rate in her neighborhood and the slow response of the police, Marie devised a system that included a camera that could slide into and view through four peepholes in the door. The camera's view was displayed on a monitor, and the system included a microphone for communication and an alarm button to alert security. This early iteration of home security systems laid the groundwork for the advanced systems used in homes today.
Improved Ironing Board
Sarah Boone, an African-American woman, received a patent in 1892 for her improvements to the ironing board. Boone's design was particularly effective for ironing the sleeves and bodies of women's garments, which were difficult to iron smoothly on the flat, wooden ironing boards of the time. Her invention provided a more convenient and effective ironing experience, influencing the design of modern ironing boards.
Refrigerated Truck
Frederick McKinley Jones co-founded the Thermo King Corporation and revolutionized the transportation of perishable goods with his invention of the refrigerated truck in 1935. His system allowed for the safe, long-distance transport of food and other perishable items by truck, train, ship, and plane. This invention was critical for the development of the modern food distribution network and remains essential to the global supply chain.
Blood Bank
Dr. Charles Richard Drew, an African-American physician and surgeon, developed improved techniques for blood storage, which led to the creation of large-scale blood banks. During World War II, his work in blood plasma preservation and storage saved countless lives. Drew's pioneering methods in the separation and storage of plasma are still the basis for modern blood banking and transfusion medicine.
Modern Toilet System
Thomas Elkins, an African-American inventor, made significant contributions to the field of sanitation with his improved toilet system design. Patented in 1872, Elkins’s design included a chamber commode, a washstand, and other features that improved the sanitation and usability of toilets. His work contributed to the development of more hygienic and efficient toilet systems used today.
Super Soaker
Lonnie Johnson, an African-American engineer and inventor, created the Super Soaker water gun in the early 1990s. Initially conceived as a cooling device for Johnson's heat pump, the technology was adapted into a high-pressure water gun that became one of the most popular toys of the 1990s. The Super Soaker's innovative design and immense popularity revolutionized the toy industry.
Laserphaco Probe
Dr. Patricia Bath, an ophthalmologist and laser scientist, invented the Laserphaco Probe in 1986, a device used to treat cataracts. Her invention was a significant advancement in the field of ophthalmology, providing a less invasive, faster, and more effective method for cataract removal. Dr. Bath's work has restored sight to thousands of individuals and remains a critical tool in eye surgery.
Portable Refrigeration
Frederick McKinley Jones also invented a portable refrigeration unit for trucks in 1940, which had a profound impact on the transport of perishable goods. This device allowed trucks to carry perishable goods over long distances without spoilage, greatly enhancing the efficiency of food distribution and storage, and ensuring fresh produce could reach more markets.
Color IBM PC Monitor and Gigahertz Chip
Mark Dean, an African-American engineer and inventor, was integral in the development of the color IBM PC monitor and the first gigahertz chip. Dean holds three of IBM's original nine patents and has been a significant figure in computer engineering, contributing to the advancement of personal computing technology and performance.
Automatic Lubrication for Steam Engines
Elijah McCoy, an African-American inventor, developed an automatic lubricator for steam engines in 1872, which allowed trains and other machines to be lubricated without stopping. This invention improved the efficiency and longevity of steam engines and contributed to the growth of the rail industry. McCoy's invention was so effective that it led to the term "the real McCoy," signifying authenticity and high quality.
Foldable Cabinet Bed
Sarah E. Goode, one of the first African-American women to receive a patent, invented the foldable cabinet bed in 1885. This innovative piece of furniture could be used as both a bed and a desk, making it ideal for small apartments and living spaces. Goode's invention was a precursor to modern space-saving furniture designs.
In exploring these remarkable innovations, we uncover the rich legacy of African-American inventors whose creativity and determination have profoundly impacted our world. Their contributions continue to inspire new generations, reminding us of the limitless potential of human ingenuity.