Looking for the best things to do and see in Sicily? This guide highlights the top 15 must-visit spots for “Sicily what to do and see”, including Palermo, Mount Etna, and delicious Sicilian cuisine. Dive in to plan your perfect Sicilian getaway.
Table of Contents
Key Takeaways
Palermo, the capital of Sicily, offers a rich blend of history and vibrant street food, with must-visit highlights including Palermo Cathedral, Quattro Canti, and Teatro Massimo.
Mount Etna, Europe’s largest active volcano, provides a variety of experiences from guided hikes to off-road adventures, offering breathtaking views and unique night hikes to see glowing lava.
Sicily’s diverse landscapes are perfect for a road trip, allowing travelers to explore historic towns, stunning beaches, ancient ruins, and scenic nature reserves, offering a well-rounded cultural and natural experience.
Discover Historical Palermo
Palermo, the capital of Sicily, is a city that effortlessly blends history with a vibrant street food scene. It’s a place where every corner tells a story, and every market offers a taste of Sicily’s culinary diversity. Some of the must-see attractions in Palermo include:
The Palermo Cathedral, a stunning example of Sicilian Baroque architecture
Quattro Canti, the intersection of Palermo’s four historic districts, where centuries of history come alive
Teatro Massimo, the world’s third-largest opera house, a cultural landmark that showcases Palermo’s artistic spirit
These are just a few highlights of what Palermo has to offer. Exploring the city will reveal even more hidden gems and fascinating historical sites.
The markets of Palermo are a sensory overload. Ballarò, Capo, and Vucciria are vibrant spots where you can find everything from fresh produce to unique local handicrafts. Mercato del Capo, Sicily’s largest fruit and vegetable market, is particularly noteworthy for its lively atmosphere and diverse offerings. Indulge in the authentic flavors of Palermo by joining a street food tour, such as Palermo Street Food Tours or Streaty Food Tours, where you can sample local favorites like panelle and arancine.
A stroll through this historic city should include a visit to the eerie Capuchin Catacombs, the resting place for thousands of mummified bodies. And if you’re interested in the fight against organized crime, learn about the efforts of Addiopizzo, a local charity combating the remnants of Cosa Nostra. Palermo is a city that offers a deep dive into Sicily’s past and present, making it an essential stop on any trip to Sicily.
Hike Mount Etna
Any adventure-seeker should have Mount Etna, Europe’s largest active volcano, on their must-visit list. Rising majestically over the eastern coast of Sicily, this iconic volcano offers a range of experiences from guided hikes to off-road excursions. Join a guided trekking tour to explore the craters and caves formed by past eruptions. If you’re looking for a more thrilling adventure, off-road excursions in 4×4 vehicles take you to the less accessible parts of Mount Etna.
For those who prefer a more relaxed approach, the cable car ride to Torre Del Filosofo at 2,900 meters provides breathtaking views of the summit. Night hikes on Mount Etna offer a unique perspective of the volcanic landscape, with the glowing lava creating a surreal experience. Remember, you must be on a guided tour to reach the summit, which stands at an impressive 3,300 meters.
Mount Etna is easily accessible by car from nearby cities like Taormina, Catania, or Aci Reale. No matter if you opt for hiking, a cable car ride, or an off-road adventure, the unparalleled views and experiences offered by this smoking giant are sure to amaze. Don’t forget to wear your hiking boots and be prepared for an unforgettable Italian adventure.
Relax on Sicily’s Beautiful Beaches
Sicily’s coastline is dotted with some of the most beautiful beaches in the Mediterranean. From the popular sandy stretches of Mondello near Palermo to the crystal-clear waters of San Vito Lo Capo, there’s a beach for every type of traveler. Mondello Beach, with its clear waters and soft sand, is a favorite among locals and tourists alike. San Vito Lo Capo, known for its powdery sand and turquoise waters, is often considered one of the best beaches in Sicily.
For those seeking a more secluded experience, Sicily’s coastal nature reserves offer pristine beauty and tranquility. Some of the notable reserves include:
The Riserva Naturale Orientata dello Zingaro, located in the northwest, is accessible only on foot, preserving its wild flora and fauna.
The Reserve of the Lakes of Marinello in the northeast.
The Vendicari Nature Reserve near Noto in the southeast.
These reserves are worth exploring for their unspoiled landscapes and diverse ecosystems.
Beyond the sandy beaches, Sicily also boasts unique coastal features like the Scala dei Turchi, a striking white cliff on the southern coast. From lounging on sandy beaches and exploring rocky shores, to hiking through coastal reserves, Sicily’s beaches provide a perfect retreat into the arms of nature.
Explore Ancient Greek Ruins
Sicily is a treasure trove of ancient Greek history, and there’s no better place to immerse yourself in the rich heritage of the ancient Greeks than the Valley of the Temples in Agrigento. This UNESCO World Heritage Site features some of the best-preserved Greek temples outside of Greece. Key structures include:
The Temple of Concord, which was converted into a Christian basilica in the 6th century
The Temple of Juno, built in the 5th century B.C.
The remnants of the Temple of Olympian Zeus, including the giant stone figure known as Telamon, offer a glimpse into the grandeur of ancient Akragas.
The ancient Greek theatre in Taormina, built in the 3rd century B.C., provides spectacular views of the sea and Mount Etna. This theatre was later reconstructed by the Romans, adding another layer of historical significance to this iconic site. Watching a performance or simply soaking in the views from this vantage point is an unforgettable experience.
In Syracuse, the Neapolis Archaeological Park is home to some of Sicily’s most notable Greek ruins. The park features the Teatro Greco, one of the largest and best-preserved Greek theatres in the world, and the Ear of Dionysius, a giant ear-shaped cave known for its incredible acoustics. These sites provide a captivating glimpse into the ancient world, marking Sicily as a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts.
Wander Through Baroque Towns
The Baroque towns of Noto, Modica, and Ragusa are architectural gems that transport you back to the 18th century. Rebuilt after a devastating earthquake in 1693, these towns are renowned for their stunning Sicilian Baroque architecture and are part of the UNESCO World Heritage collective urban centers in Val di Noto.
Noto, with its harmonious Baroque buildings made from local honey-colored tufa stone, is a visual delight. The Cattedrale di San Nicolò stands out with its intricate facade and opulent interior.
Modica, known for its aristocratic past, features beautiful palaces like Palazzo Polara and Palazzo Failla. The town’s cathedral, located at the top of a 250-step staircase, is a masterpiece of Baroque architecture designed by Rosario Gagliardi. Wandering through Modica’s streets, you’ll encounter a blend of historical charm and vibrant local culture.
Ragusa splits into two distinct areas: the historic lower town, Ragusa Ibla, and the modern upper town, Ragusa Superiore. Ragusa Ibla is a treasure trove of Baroque architecture, with lavish palaces and elegant squares offering panoramic views of the surrounding valleys and hills. This town, like Noto and Modica, was rebuilt after the 1693 earthquake and continues to enchant visitors with its timeless beauty and architectural splendor.
Island Hop to the Aeolian Islands
The Aeolian Islands, a group of seven volcanic islands off the north coast of Sicily, offer an idyllic escape into nature’s wonders. These islands are renowned for their unique volcanic landscapes, sandy beaches, and boutique hotels. Climbing Vulcano’s smoking crater provides spectacular views of all seven islands, while Stromboli offers night hikes along the active Sciara del Fuoco, where you can witness the mesmerizing sight of lava spewing into the night sky.
Salina, known for its scenic beauty and nearly traffic-free environment, is perfect for exploring by scooter. Boat excursions from Salina to the lesser-known islands of Alicudi and Filicudi offer a chance to discover secluded beaches and hidden coves. Panarea, the smallest of the Aeolian Islands, is home to a prehistoric village with Bronze Age ruins, adding a historical touch to the natural beauty of the archipelago.
The Aeolian Islands offer a diverse array of experiences, whether you’re lounging on black sandy beaches, hiking up volcanic craters, or exploring ancient ruins. These volcanic islands are a haven for those seeking an off-grid adventure filled with natural beauty and tranquility.
Taste Authentic Sicilian Cuisine
Sicilian cuisine is a delightful blend of flavors and traditions, influenced by the island’s rich history and diverse cultures. Street food is an integral part of Sicilian culinary culture, with popular items like:
panelle (chickpea fritters)
arancine (rice balls)
cannoli
granita
Each town boasts its own specialties, ensuring a unique culinary adventure with every visit.
In the Aeolian Islands, dishes like pane cunzatu, seasoned bread topped with fresh local ingredients, are a must-try. For a truly unique dining experience, visit Putia Dell’Ostello in Catania, a restaurant set in a cave offering a blend of traditional and modern Sicilian dishes. Sampling traditional street food and immersing in the vibrant local culture is best done at local markets and festivals.
San Vito Lo Capo, located on the northwest coast of Southern Italy, is famous for its couscous festival, celebrating the town’s culinary ties with North Africa. Sicilian cuisine, especially in southeast Sicily, from street food to gourmet dishes, offers a sensory feast, presenting a rich array of flavors that echo the island’s cultural heritage.
Visit Syracuse and Ortigia
Syracuse and its island district, Ortigia, are rich in historical landmarks and vibrant street markets. The stunning Piazza del Duomo in Ortigia, featuring Baroque architecture and a cathedral built upon a 2000-year-old Greek temple, is a must-visit. Walking through the streets of Syracuse and Ortigia, you’ll encounter catacombs, temples, theatres, and ancient fortifications that tell the story of this historic city.
Ortigia’s street market is a bustling hub where you can enjoy fried seafood, generously filled sandwiches at Caseificio Borderi, and delicious gelato at Volgia Matte. The market is a sensory delight, offering a taste of local life and culinary traditions. Don’t miss Forte Vigliena, a popular sunbathing spot with a wooden sundeck available during the summer season.
The Neapolis Archaeological Park in Syracuse is another highlight, home to the famous Greek Theatre and the Ear of Dionysius. These landmarks provide a glimpse into the ancient world and offer a fascinating journey through history. Syracuse and Ortigia are perfect for those who love to explore ancient ruins and enjoy vibrant local culture.
Enjoy Taormina’s Scenic Views
Taormina, often referred to as the Positano of Sicily, is a picturesque coastal town known for its stunning views and medieval architecture. One of Taormina’s top attractions is the ancient Greek Theatre, built in the 3rd century B.C., which boasts spectacular views of the sea and Mount Etna. This theatre, largely rebuilt by the Romans, is a significant historical monument and a must-visit for any traveler.
Piazza IX Aprile, a popular square in Taormina, is a perfect spot to enjoy panoramic views and soak in the town’s charm. San Domenico Palace, a historic hotel that has hosted celebrities like Elizabeth Taylor and Madonna, adds to the town’s allure. Whether you’re exploring the ancient theatre, strolling through the square, or enjoying the views from the public gardens, Taormina’s scenic beauty is sure to captivate you.
Unwind in Cefalù
Cefalù, a charming coastal town on Sicily’s north coast, is the perfect place to unwind and soak in the island’s beauty. Spiaggia di Cefalù, its sandy beach, features crystal-clear waters and stunning views, creating an ideal spot for lounging and swimming. The medieval atmosphere of Cefalù, with its narrow streets and historic buildings, adds to the town’s charm.
The Duomo di Cefalù, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a must-see landmark. This fortress-like basilica, showcasing elements of Norman, Byzantine, Islamic, and Arab architecture, stands as a beacon of the town’s rich history. Whether you’re strolling along the promenade, exploring the old town, or hiking up to the summit of La Rocca, Cefalù offers a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure.
Adventure in Lo Zingaro Nature Reserve
Lo Zingaro Nature Reserve, located along the northwest coast of Sicily, is a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers. The reserve offers:
A 7 km coastal hiking trail that is accessible to all and does not require special equipment
Stunning coves and crystal-clear swimming holes that are perfect for cooling off in the Mediterranean waters
The southern entrance of the reserve, just a 55-minute drive from Trapani, is recommended for hikers
The northern entrance provides easy access to the beaches
Given the absence of shops or sellers within the reserve, bringing your own food and water is necessary. Entry to Lo Zingaro costs €5 per person, with reduced rates for children. The protected status of this area since 1981 has preserved its blue shallows and diverse flora and fauna, making it Sicily’s first protected area. Lo Zingaro provides a refreshing escape into nature, whether you’re hiking, swimming, or simply basking in the natural beauty.
Dive into Sicily’s Underwater World
Sicily’s underwater world is a hidden gem for scuba diving enthusiasts. With 56 dive sites, including wall dives, reef dives, and cave dives, the island offers diverse underwater landscapes and marine life. Some of the best places to scuba dive include the Aegadian Islands, Taormina, Naxos, the Aeolian Islands, Lampedusa, and Capo Boeo.
Top dive sites such as Grotta dei Gamberi, Cala Rossa Shoal, and Cataratta Shoal are known for their vibrant marine life, including grouper, scorpionfish, lobster, and nudibranch. Around Isola Bella near Taormina, divers can encounter barracuda, octopus, and stingrays. The Aegadian Islands, with their white-sand beaches, Arab forts, neolithic art, and grottoes, offer a unique diving experience that combines natural beauty with historical intrigue.
Sip Volcanic Wines
Wine-tasting is a delightful part of any visit to Sicily, especially when it involves the island’s unique volcanic wines. The vineyards on the slopes of Mount Etna produce some of the most exquisite wines, thanks to the fertile volcanic soil.
Some of the notable volcanic wines from Sicily include:
Nerello Mascalese: a light-bodied red wine grown primarily on the slopes of Mount Etna. It is known for its red fruit flavors, followed by spice notes of cinnamon and floral dried desert herbs.
Carricante: a white wine with citrus and mineral notes, grown on the volcanic slopes of Mount Etna.
Frappato: a light-bodied red wine with bright red fruit flavors, grown in the southeastern part of Sicily.
These volcanic wines offer a unique and memorable tasting experience for wine enthusiasts visiting Sicily.
Tours on Mount Etna typically feature stops at local wineries for tasting sessions, allowing you to sample these distinctive wines. The best vineyards for Nerello Mascalese are located higher up in elevation, where the sandy-volcanic soil contributes to the wine’s elegance and floral character.
Whether you’re a wine connoisseur or a casual enthusiast, tasting Sicily’s volcanic wines offers a unique and flavorful experience.
Step Back in Time at Villa Romana del Casale
Villa Romana del Casale, located in Piazza Armerina, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that offers a fascinating glimpse into the luxurious lifestyle of ancient Roman aristocracy. This grand villa is renowned for its exceptional Roman mosaics, which decorate nearly every room with intricate and inventive designs. The mosaics depict a variety of scenes, from hunting expeditions to mythological tales, showcasing the artistic prowess of the ancient craftsmen.
The villa was the center of a large estate and symbolizes the rural Roman exploitation of the time. A stroll through the villa transports you back in time, allowing you to marvel at the grandeur and opulence of Roman life. Villa Romana del Casale is a must-visit for history enthusiasts and anyone interested in the ancient world.
Take a Road Trip Around Sicily
A road trip around Sicily is the ultimate way to explore the island’s diverse landscapes, historic towns, and cultural treasures. Starting in either Palermo or Catania, you can embark on a journey that takes you from the bustling cities to the serene countryside. With at least three weeks, you can comfortably visit Sicily, exploring both the eastern and western regions, experiencing everything from the architectural marvels of Noto and Modica to the stunning beaches of San Vito Lo Capo.
Especially during peak travel seasons, it is crucial to book your car rental in advance. Rental cars are available for pickup at Sicily’s airports as well as in major cities such as Palermo, Catania, and Trapani. This gives you flexibility in choosing your pickup location. Western Sicily is known for its best beaches, while eastern Sicily boasts prettier towns, offering a balanced experience of nature and culture.
Don’t miss swimming near Cefalù, exploring the Valley of the Temples, and visiting Villa Romana del Casale on your day trip. With careful planning, you can create an itinerary that covers the island’s highlights and hidden gems, ensuring an unforgettable Sicilian adventure.
Learn more, Check out How To Plan A Perfect Sicily Road Trip Itinerary (14 Days).
Summary
Sicily is a destination that offers a rich tapestry of experiences, from its ancient ruins and Baroque towns to its stunning beaches and vibrant street food. Each corner of the island has its own story to tell, inviting you to explore, taste, and immerse yourself in its unique culture. Whether you’re hiking the slopes of Mount Etna, diving into the Mediterranean, or savoring a glass of volcanic wine, Sicily promises an adventure that captivates the heart and soul.
As you plan your trip to Sicily, remember to take your time and savor each experience. The island’s charm lies in its diversity and the warmth of its people. From the bustling markets of Palermo to the serene beaches of Cefalù, Sicily offers a journey filled with unforgettable moments and timeless beauty. Pack your bags, set your itinerary, and get ready to fall in love with Sicily.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the must-see historical sites in Palermo?
You must visit the Palermo Cathedral, the Quattro Canti, and Teatro Massimo. Also, don’t miss the vibrant markets such as Ballarò, Capo, and Vucciria when in Palermo. Enjoy your trip!
Can I hike to the summit of Mount Etna on my own?
No, it’s best to go on a guided tour to reach the summit of Mount Etna for a safe and informative experience. Enjoy your hike!
Which beaches in Sicily are the best for relaxation?
You can relax at Mondello Beach near Palermo, San Vito Lo Capo, and the sandy beach of Cefalù, or visit the coastal nature reserves like Riserva Naturale Orientata dello Zingaro for a more secluded experience. Enjoy your trip!
What makes the Baroque towns of Noto, Modica, and Ragusa special?
The Baroque towns of Noto, Modica, and Ragusa are special because they showcase stunning Sicilian Baroque architecture and were rebuilt after the 1693 earthquake, making them part of the UNESCO World Heritage urban centers in Val di Noto. This designation recognizes their historical and architectural significance.
How long should I plan for a road trip around Sicily?
Plan for at least three weeks to fully explore both the eastern and western sections of Sicily, allowing you to experience historic towns, beautiful beaches, and natural wonders.
